A recent study in the Lombardy region identified the positivity of anti-Covid-19 antibodies in 4.5 . Herd immunity and COVID-19: What you need to know Beta-thalassemia occurs when your body has trouble producing hemoglobin beta. chenevex, France. Your doctor can address any particular concerns you may have. Eating nutritious foods is important for everyone to maintain a healthy lifestyle - a diet, high in fruits and vegetables and low in fats is ideal for gaining the essential nutrients our bodies need. Li L, et al. Newborn screening tests in the United States dont specifically check for thalassemia trait. But blood tests can only lead doctors to presume that you have the trait. 2021;16(1):114.doi:10.1186/s13023-021-01757-w. U.S. Food & Drug Administration. If you have one unaffected gene, it mostly overrides the faulty gene. Thalassemia and Coronavirus (COVID-19): Complications - Verywell Health Whats the outlook for people who have beta thalassemia? A comprehensive review of hydroxyurea for -haemoglobinopathies: the role revisited during COVID-19 pandemic. With thalassemia trait, your red blood cells are smaller than those in people who dont have the trait. Beta thalassemia is an inherited blood disorder in which a child has anemia. Scientists use + to indicate a gene mutation that lowers production and 0 to indicate a mutation that causes the gene to be absent. Beta-Thalassemia minor and SARS-CoV-2, prevalence, severity, morbidity Colorized scanning electron micrograph of a cell, isolated from a . If you have concerns, speak with a doctor or healthcare professional about your individual risks. (2022). "There is no real benefit for the individual person," said Torben Barington, DMSc, a clinical professor of immunology at the University of Southern Denmark and co-author of the early Danish study. There are no extra safety precautions necessary for people with beta thalassemia who get vaccinated against COVID-19 when compared with people in the general population. (2020). People who are moderate to severely immunocompromised may need additional doses of the COVID-19 vaccine to stay protected. COVID-19 and thalassaemia: A position statement of the Thalassaemia International Federation. You can also have both alpha- and beta-thalassemia. It is possible to have both alpha- and beta-thalassemia. The second study (also from October 2020) from researchers in Canada looked at data from 95 patients who were severely ill with COVID-19. Early in the pandemic, two studies published in the Blood Advances journal in October 2020 showed a possible link between blood type and vulnerability to COVID-19. beta thalassemia - NIH Director's Blog Types include alpha and beta thalassemia. Eur J Haematol. A simple blood test known as a complete blood count (CBC) could suggest whether or not you have thalassemia trait. Its more common in many of the same parts of the world as alpha-thalassemia. Current recommendations are that a person's usual regimen of transfusions should be continued during the pandemic. A Practical Approach to the Management of Cancer Patients During the Novel Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Pandemic: An International Collaborative Group. The changing epidemiology of the ageing thalassaemia populations: a position statement of the Thalassaemia International Federation. WHO COVID19 Dashboard. Since those studies, a fair amount of research has been conducted on blood type and COVID-19 risk. Vaccination can help prevent COVID-19 infection and prevent severe illness if you do. Most children with moderate to severe thalassemia show signs and symptoms within their first two years of life. These diseases usually occur only in people who have at least two abnormal . The use of corticosteroid medications (such as prednisone) can have both positive and negative effects and must be carefully weighed in people with thalassemia. What are the risks of having COVID if you have beta thalassemia? This means red blood cells aren't made properly or they are destroyed. What is the treatment for beta thalassemia? (2022). The forgotten people with thalassemia in the time of COVID-19: South Asian perspective. "All may acquire COVID-19 and all should take the recommended precautions to reduce the risk.". (2022). COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2; coronavirus; haemoglobinopathies; pandemic; thalassaemia. eCollection 2023. If you have thalassemia trait, it means you carry a genetic mutation that causes thalassemia, but you dont have the disease yourself. In many cases, alpha thalassemia may also need blood transfusions to manage. But you can still pass down the affected gene to future generations. You can learn more about how we ensure our content is accurate and current by reading our. As a result, our understanding of the connection to blood type continues to evolve. 2020; 10.1002/ajh.25840 [Epub ahead of print]. Brancaleoni V, et al. IgA Antibodies and IgA Deficiency in SARS-CoV-2 Infection In fact, some medications used for thalassemia may actually be helpful. If the inherited mutation affects only one gene, you have beta-thalassemia minor. Hemoglobin allows your red blood cells to carry oxygen to other cells throughout your body. The proposed measures and strategies may be useful as a blueprint for other disorders which require regular hospital visits, as well as for the timely adaptation of patient care during similar future pandemics. Dr. DelCollo is board-certified in family medicine by the American Board of Family Medicine. Immune responses in beta-thalassaemia: heme - Scientific Reports Published 2020 Sep 7. doi:10.23750/abm.v91i3.10063. A simple blood test could let a doctor know if you have alpha- or beta-thalassemia minor. Read our, Risk of Severe Outcomes From COVID-19 for People With Thalassemia, Complications of Thalassemia and COVID-19, People Who Have Had a Splenectomy and Transplant Recipients. To begin, think of something you've had time to do that you'd otherwise not have time for, or something you learned. A few options include: Current recommendations are that for people who have been treated with Reblozyl, the medication should be continued even if a person develops COVID-19 (there is no evidence that it should be stopped). Unlike its alpha counterpart, only one gene (HBB) is responsible for making hemoglobin beta. The novel coronavirus pneumonia (COVID-19) is a contagious acute respiratory infectious disease whose causative agent has been demonstrated to be a novel virus of the coronavirus family, SARSCoV-2. In that event, it's advisable that the therapy be stopped until the infection has cleared. Learn more. Clipboard, Search History, and several other advanced features are temporarily unavailable. Anecdotal reports are surfacing that some people are developing tinnitus days after receiving one of the COVID vaccines. Consider talking with a doctor about testing for thalassemia trait if theres a history of thalassemia or thalassemia trait in your family, or if you plan to have a child with someone who has the trait or a family history of it. COVID-19. Facial Presentation in People with Beta-Thalassemia Major, The Hidden Signs You May Have a Red Meat Allergy From a Tick Bite, Alpha Thalassemia: Symptoms, Causes, Treatments, and More, Alopecia Areata and Diet: Foods to Eat and Avoid. Thalassemia trait means you carry the gene that causes the disease, but you dont have the disease yourself. Luspatercept improves hemoglobin levels and blood transfusion requirements in a study of patients with -thalassemia. Med Hypotheses. On one side of the equation, glucocorticoids can slow the clearance of the virus from the respiratory tract. SARSCoV2 infection in beta thalassemia: preliminary data from the Italian experience. 2020;108:154260.doi:10.1016/j.metabol.2020.154260, Leblanc JF, Germain M, Delage G, et al. Many patients with haemoglobinopathies, including thalassaemia and sickle cell disease, are at increased risk of developing severe complications from the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). -. Experts estimate 1.5% of the worlds population to be carriers. The most important thing you can do is make sure you are vaccinated and stay up to date on when boosters are needed. Current recommendations for those in the United States is that iron chelation therapy be continued unless symptoms of COVID-19 develop. In particular, vitamin C, vitamin E, vitamin D, zinc, and selenium. Daidone R, Carollo A, Perricone MP, Messina R, Balistreri CR. sharing sensitive information, make sure youre on a federal In fact, some people prefer being able to communicate with their healthcare providers from the comfort of their own home. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) recommends COVID-19 vaccines for everybody over 6 months of age in the United States. The need for frequent blood transfusions and complications of the disease that result in more clinic visits and hospitalizations could raise the odds that someone would come into contact with the virus. Thalassemia: Complications & treatment. Beta thalassemia major often needs to be treated with regular blood transfusions. On the other, people with thalassemia may be at risk of adrenal insufficiency (adrenal crisis), which can worsen a person's condition with severe COVID-19. (2022). Most people with beta thalassemia major have symptoms within the first 2 years of life. In some cases, the inherited mutation can cause the HBB gene to be absent. De Sanctis V, Canatan D, Corrons JLV, et al. What We Know. Laboratory diagnosis of thalassemia. FOIA But again, experts say it's too early to know for sure. People with thalassemia minor or trait usually do not need blood transfusions because they either do not have anemia or have only a mild anemia. Thalassemia is an inherited blood disorder that causes you not to make enough hemoglobin, a protein in your blood. Co-inheritance of -thalassaemia and -thalassaemia in a prenatal screening population in mainland China. In order to better describe the frequency and manifestations of COVID-19 in thalassemia patients living in France, we report the cases of SARS-CoV-2 infection that occurred during the year 2020. Can Being Heterozygous for the Beta-Thalassemia Trait Affect Your Pregnancy? Verywell Health's content is for informational and educational purposes only. It's important to note that complications of thalassemia likely played a role in the severity of outcomes. Thalassemias. Impaired immune cell . People with thalassemia should assume that they are as likely to become infected as the general population and are more likely to have severe outcomes. Vitamin and mineral supplementation for -thalassemia during COVID-19 pandemic. They only have one mutated HBB gene from their parents. Cookies collect information about your preferences and your devices and are used to make the site work as you expect it to, to understand how you interact with the site, and to show advertisements that are targeted to your interests. Theres no cure for Nijmegen breakage syndrome, but its complications can be treated. The first study, conducted by . Could some people with thalassemia have a natural immunity against SARS-CoV-2? As new research becomes available, well update this article. Am J Hematol. doi:10.1002/ajh.25857, NGO A, Masel D, Cahill C, Blumberg N, Refaiie MA. A 2022 study found that people with beta-thalassemia trait were also at increased risk of severe illness from COVID-19. Chowdhury SF, Anwar S. Management of hemoglobin disorders during the COVID-19 pandemic. But if you only have the trait, you may have a slightly increased risk of high blood pressure or anemia during pregnancy, according to 2022 research. doi: 10.1002/ccr3.6114. Lack of hemoglobin can lead to insufficient oxygen in your bodily tissues. Vaccines & immunizations: Use of COVID-19 vaccines in the U.S. (2022). However, the results have been inconsistent and so the connection between COVID-19 and different blood types still isn't clear. According to the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, thalassemia can affect your ability to become pregnant and increase your risk of complications if you do. "People with type O blood may be more susceptible to norovirus," said infectious disease expert Amesh A. Adalja, MD, senior scholar at the Johns Hopkins Center for Health Security. However, as the situation surrounding COVID-19 continues to evolve, it's possible that some data have changed since publication. Acta Biomed. Thus far, studies have been mixed as to whether thalassemia patients are more likely to experience serious outcomes of COVID-19 (such as hospitalization or death). National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), COVID-19 vaccination for people with beta-thalassemia or beta-thalassemia trait, rarediseases.org/rare-diseases/alpha-thalassemia/, ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8703506/, rarediseases.org/rare-diseases/thalassemia-major/, onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/ijlh.12527, hematology.org/covid-19/covid-19-and-thalassemia, thalassemia.org/i-have-a-thalassemia-trait/, journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/0969141314548203, stemcellres.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13287-022-02768-5, ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7326097/, gimjournal.org/article/S1098-3600(21)02253-X/fulltext, cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/need-extra-precautions/people-with-medical-conditions.html, nhlbi.nih.gov/health/thalassemia/pregnancy, link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00404-022-06519-y, ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8955557/, thalassemia.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/09/WhatIsThalTrait_sm.pdf, Everything You Need to Know About Thalassemia. Exemptions may be granted for people with severe allergies to COVID-19 vaccines or any of their components. How do I know if I have thalassemia trait? Here are some frequently asked questions people have about beta thalassemia and COVID-19 vaccines. If you only receive the gene from one parent, you carry the trait for thalassemia. Before COVID-19 vaccine is high priority for cardiac patients. When you visit the site, Dotdash Meredith and its partners may store or retrieve information on your browser, mostly in the form of cookies. That means your genetic sex (based on which sex chromosomes you have) doesnt influence whether you inherit the condition. Researchers found inconsistent findings but did identify certain trends suggesting that blood type A might predispose one to increased susceptibility to infection with SARS-CoV-2 (the virus that causes COVID-19), or that type O and Rh-negative blood groups might be protective. eCollection 2023. Guidelines for the Management of Transfusion Dependent Thalassaemia, 3rd ed. Impact of IFN-1a in treatment of a COVID-19 patient with beta thalassemia and diabetes mellitus: A case report. Jean-Mignard E, et al. In a 2021 pilot study, researchers found a strong association between the presence of beta thalassemia minor and COVID-19 mortality. Can COVID-19 Be A Threat For Thalassemia Patients? Find - Onlymyhealth Treatment can consist of blood transfusions and iron chelation therapy. (2020). Last medically reviewed on August 23, 2022. . The study found that patients with blood types A and AB were found to be more likely to require mechanical ventilation and to require dialysis for kidney failure. Information for people with thalassemia - COVID-19 Vaccine You can still pass on the affected gene, but you wont experience any symptoms. If both parents carry a trait for either alpha- or beta-thalassemia, their child could develop a severe form of the disease. Thalassemia is an inherited (i.e., passed from parents to children through genes) blood disorder caused when the body doesn't make enough of a protein called hemoglobin, an important part of red blood cells.
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